Socrates, Alcibiades, and the Pursuit of Beauty - Literature Essay Samples

The logistical problems of everyday human life are often concerned with the pursuit of love and beauty. The impracticalities of actively chasing after phenomena that we do not fully understand are considerable – unless, of course, you’re Socrates. In Plato’s Symposium, Socrates, in his spoken recollection of a conversation with the priestess Diotima, attempts to define love, and outlines a clear, step-by-step method of how to fully appreciate love by pursuing beauty and knowledge. These stages of the pursuit of beauty, a â€Å"ladder of love†, are analyzed as a practice when Socrates’ would-be lover Alcibiades gives a speech both praising and criticizing the old philosopher and his way of life. Alcibiades’ speech reveals the implications, both positive and negative, of following Socrates’ teachings in a material manner, and reveals the ultimate impacts of the pursuit of beauty. Socrates’ speech is hardly ambiguous in detailing how a lover ought to engage with beauty. The speech, Socrates’ retelling of a dialogue between himself and Diotima (likely an invention of Socrates), first defines Love. Love is, to Diotima, a being in between man and god, a clever child of Wherewithal and Wit who spends his time hunting for truth and wisdom . Love is a brilliant speaker, dresses crudely and walks around barefoot, and is neither materially poor nor rich (203d). The parallels between Diotima’s description of Love and Socrates himself are clear – Love is a philosopher, in pursuit of knowledge, exactly like Socrates; moreover, Socrates is described earlier in the text usually barefoot and unclean (176a), and relies heavily on the hospitality of strangers, while avoiding serious poverty. Clearly, the Love Diotima is describing is representative of philosophers, and specifically Socrates, so it follows that the pursuits of Diotima’s Love may also run parallel with the pursuits of Socrates. Living in harmony with love, Diotima goes on, is the desire to be immortal, by means of â€Å"conception and birth in beauty† and knowledge of beauty (206e). The chase after the knowledge of beauty is the fuel of love. The pursuit of beauty is a very particular process, known as the â€Å"ladder of love†. The process begins with a love of the physical, then ascends to a love of the sciences and then to a love of pure beauty (209a-211a). It is important to note the symptoms Diotima describes as part of the ascension of the ladder. The lover is described as bursting to share their love, initially in a sexual manner, but eventually in terms of a relationship based purely on dialogue and the pursuit of knowledge (206e). Additionally, the lover who has ascended to the highest level of the pursuit of beauty will lose all interest in mere physical beauty; they will transcend customs and conventional beauty and instead see beauty as a purer thing, looking over manners of beauty they had previously been fixated on (211d). It is by observing beauty in this pure manner that a lover can find happiness. These symptoms of pursuing beauty are manifest in a lover, so it is reasonable to hypothesize that if â€Å"Diotima† intended Love to be Socrates, he will also possess these symptoms. Next comes Alcibiades’ drunken speech, an â€Å"ode† to the old philosopher himself that in essence acts as a response to Socrates’ process of love. Alcibiades details how, as a younger, handsome man, he became seduced by Socrates’ brilliant speeches, only to be rejected by the ugly old philosopher, who was immune to his physical charms (219c). In fact, Socrates, by Alcibiades’ account, has little care for physical pleasures at all, never losing himself in them; yet, when he does begrudgingly indulge in wine and good food, he enjoys them more than anyone else (220a). Socrates has no need for physical pleasures, but he still seems to find a particular beauty in them that others do not. Alcibiades also indicates that Socrates has little interest in the customs of society, claiming that he cares little for them, saying, â€Å"†¦he couldn’t give a damn whether a boy is beautiful or rich or famous or any of the things most people care about. I tell you he has contempt for all of that†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (216e) Socrates finds some beauty in the physical, but does not lust after the physical; similarly, he does not lust after the customary or the societal. As Alcibiades evidences, Socrates appears to be a prime example of a lover of pure beauty, as outlined by Diotima; he is above both the physical and the customary. If Socrates is this perfect lover, can Alcibiades’ speech tell us more about what it means to be this kind of lover, and the difficulty of devotedly living the life of the Lover of pure beauty? Does this manner of living demand sacrifice? Most importantly, how do Diotima’s heady and idealized instructions materialize in everyday life? Firstly, it seems obvious that even if Socrates’ manner of living is beneficial for himself, it can be harmful to those around him. Alcibiades was clearly emotionally damaged in a permanent way by Socrates’ romantic rejection, a rejection that came directly as a result of Socrates’ distance from the physical. Alcibiades additionally alludes to the possibility that he is not the only one among the elite of Athens that has been emotionally damaged by Socrates (222b). For those who cannot understand the knowledge Socrates has acquired and are confused by his peculiarly principled lifestyle, hurt will ensue. Moreover, towards the end of Alcibiades’ speech, it is made clear that Socrates has acted in ways that seem to be in conflict with Diotima’s idealized pursuit of beauty. Yes, he spends most of his time contemplating knowledge, completely isolated from the outside world, but he also risks his life to save the life of Alcibiades during war (220e). This sacrifice seems to be incompatible with the singular pursuit of beauty; how can saving the life of one superficially beautiful person compare to encountering pure beauty itself? This apparent diversion from the path towards knowledge could represent one of two things: either Socrates occasionally abandons his pursuit of knowledge for other ideals – which seems unlikely – or, most probably, his pursuit of beauty has made him into a person who is more capable of expressing love in a nuanced way. Perhaps Socrates rescued Alcibiades not because he cared for him and not because he was superficially beau tiful, but because his existence itself contained pure beauty, a form reflected in all beautiful existence. By ascending the ladder, Socrates gained the ability to see the pure beauty present in all beautiful things, and thus values the beauty of life. Socrates’ speech detailing Diotima’s method is an outline for how to immerse oneself in beauty; Alcibiades’ speech is a portrayal of the reality of living out a life immersed in an understanding of beauty. While the life of the philosopher of beauty may not be as pure and uncomplicated as Diotima preaches, and may even result in the harming of others, it is ultimately a life that can result in a special empathy for the beauty of others. Socrates, in studying beauty and the forms, has discovered the universality of the beautiful; he is not attracted by the physical or ethical manifestations of beauty, but by beauty itself, and as a result, his life is one that rejects individual beautiful aspects of things, but embraces kind acts towards the ideal beauty he sees in others.

Sophies World Essay - 1321 Words

Sophies World Looking in her mailbox one afternoon, a fourteen- year- old Norwegian schoolgirl named Sophie Amundsen finds a surprising white envelope containing a piece of paper. On it are written two questions: Who are you? and Where did the world come from?. And at the same time she is also receiving letters for a girl named Hilde Moller Kang and Sophie also finds a silk red scarf in her bedroom, not belonging to her, but to this girl Hilde. The writer is an enigmatic philosopher named Albert Knox and his messenger is his dog Hermes. Albert Knoxs two teasing questions are the beginning of an extraordinary journey through philosophy from philosophers such as what I have read so far: Thales, Anaximenes,†¦show more content†¦My analysis on that is how can he come to that conclusion? Yes, all living things contain water within themselves, but it seems preposterous for him to say that we evolved from water. Living things not only contain water but contain substances. The only logical conclusion that Sophie found was that water turns into ice, and ice can go back to flowing water again. Another philosopher that was discussed along with Thalas was Anaximander. Anaximander held that all things eventually return to the element from which they originated. When a plant dies it desinigrates into the ground and the ground is where the plant originated from, so I can see where Anaximender could propose that. But human beings did not originate from the ground, unless he did have religious beliefs, such that human evolved from dirt. So when he/she dies they go back to where they originated, so I could see where that concept might come into place. Although Anaximenes had a different concept. He held the concept that air is the primary element to which everything else can be reduced. To explain how solid objects are formed from air, he introduced the notions of condensation and rarefaction. These processes, he claimed, make air, in itself invisible, visible as water, fire, and solid matter. He thought that air becomes warmer and turns into fire when it rarefied and that it turns colder and turns solid when condensed. How I see it his attempt was toShow MoreRelatedReflection Of Sophies World885 Words   |  4 PagesIn a way, they are all connected through Sophies life experiences. There are forces behind all of the philosophy lessons, as well as in Sophies life. These forces are able to influence and adjust how you view the world around you. Sophie’s World has a lot of in-depth questions that are answered briefly by Sophie and how she sees the world. She is only fourteen, so she hasn’t seen a lot in her life. She knows the things around her, but not much more. The questions that she keeps receiving are gettingRead MoreThe Pursuit Of Happiness By Aristotle2455 Words   |  10 Pagesphilosopher.(Gaarder 105)† Aristotle almost had it right. 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Had it not been for the ground that was laid by early philosophersRead More Beloved Essay984 Words   |  4 Pageschoices are simple, such as deciding what to wear to school or choosing a television station to watch. Other choices, however, are much more serious and have life-altering consequences. Sethe, the protagonist of Beloved, and Sophie, the main focus in Sophie’s Choice, are mothers that are faced with choices that change their entire lives. While the time period and characters involved differ, the choices of Sethe and Sophie can easily be compared. First and foremost, Sethe and Sophie both make choicesRead MoreSophie’s Choice by William Styron Essay559 Words   |  3 Pages In William Styron’s book Sophie’s Choice Styron explains the effects of World war 2 on an American, a Polish person and a Jewish person. Sophie, the polish women, who is forced to make a very difficult decision during the war, a choice that, affects her mental state of mind for the rest of her life. Stingo, the American and narrator of the story struggles to find inspiration for his writing career while also discovering his families past. Nathan, the Jewish man who is hopelessly in love with SophieRead MoreAnalysis Of Howl s Moving Castle 1492 Words   |  6 Pagesraid threatens all of the main characters. However, rather than resolving these conflicts with superior shows of force, Miyazaki has created characters that pursue more peaceful means to end them. For example, when the bomber flies over Howl’s and Sophie’s garden, rather than destroying the ship he simply causes it to malfunction slightly and slowly lose altitude. Howl is quick to assure Sophie that the people will be unharmed – but they will not be able to drop their bombs on anyone else for a timeRead MoreRecord What You Learned About Character Development And The Relationships In Amien Essay1945 Words   |  8 Pagescome out. Overcoming her fear of the Germans, she becomes devious to gain resources for her family. Overall, Sophie is the protagonist and narrator throughout the story as she talks upon her struggles upon poverty, love and war. Helene: Helene is Sophie’s older sister and has two kids, Mimi and Jean. She is the co-owner of the hotel and her husband Jean-Michel went to fight in the war someplace in Cambrai. Helene is often paranoid, always thinking the worst situation would occur and is afraid of the

Ojt Format free essay sample

To my IT supervisors, Mr. Jessar Medenilla and Mr. Richard Albarin who taught me about new and great ideas on how to improve and develop my skills and knowledge beneficial to survive in the IT industry. To my OJT adviser, Ms. May Florence D. San Pablo who’s always supportive and caring to me, giving me assistance and being kind to all students that she handled. To my Co-OJTs, Chico De Guzman, Renier King Villanueva, Christian Navarra and Mark Anthony Managbanag , for understanding and support that they given to me. These necessitate the expansion of its physical plant. To date in addition to the Makati and Quezon City Campuses, the institution has other campuses in the provinces of Cebu and Davao. In keeping with its global mission, the institution has opened two international in Guam and Bangladesh. The Quezon City campus has its own sport facilities and a computer center, which houses the latest – state – of the art equipment. We will write a custom essay sample on Ojt Format or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The said campus also houses the elementary and high school departments. The outcome has already ensured a steady demand for computer. However, computer awareness was not enough. What started as part of insistent selling strategy must now be viewed as an independent concern. Why train more programmers when there is a need to lay the foundation for indigenous computer science development? The business venture must take a separate cause. The time to take up education as a separate working agenda has started. Immediate in the program of action of the institution is the attainment of full university status by the year 1995. Its own sport facilities and a computer center, which houses the latest – state – of the art equipment. The partnership is an academic collaboration between AMA Education System (AMAES) and Alpha innovations in the area of â€Å"Robotics Learning Center† (RLS). The partnership makes AMA and all its corporate member components, as the letter’s â€Å"Education Partner† in the Philippines. With this partnership in hand, the student in some selected AMACC campuses and learning centers will be equipped with a quick startup and introduction to the world of mobile robotics. FESTO Inc. has appointed AMAES as the Executive and Only Premiere Education Training Partner in the Philippines. The partnership aims to pioneer the offering of Mechatronics Engineering in the Philippines and as well as in any AMA International Branch operation. It covers installation of complete Mechatronics Engineering laboratory, which it first in the Philippines, plus FESTO Inc. will transfer the technology to   from Fluke instruments. They are specializing in manufacturing very high quality instruments. AMA was appointed by FLUKE Networks to be exclusive training partner in the Philippines and in theregion. IntraLearn Software Corporation (IntraLearn) provides configurable e-Learning software that helps small to mid-sized organizations as well as departments of the Global 2000 to rapidly and effectively deploy measurable training and facilitate the exchange of knowledge among their students, employees, customers, suppliers and partners. Introduced in 1997, IntraLearn e-Learning software is now used by more than 500 organizations and more than two million people in 30+ countries worldwide. As the only Premier Education Partner of Microsoft, AMA is able to provide its students the first crack to the latest Microsoft software.

The Concept of Community Development to the Homeless Youths in Australia

Introduction A community is a group of individuals who share a common location. These individuals have a lot of aspects in common for instance their needs, values, beliefs, preferences as well as aspirations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Community Development to the Homeless Youths in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Community development on the other hand entails the process and practices that are undertaken by various responsible individuals and groups for example political leaders, nongovernmental organizations and activists among others, in an effort to uplift the lives of communities through improving various aspects that surround them. Community development is a broad concept which focuses on building communities especially on a local basis by ensuring that the status of the overall economy of a nation is enhanced, the social ties among people are strengthened and that the needs of all individuals in a community are met. There are various approaches and strategies that could be adopted to allow for community development, each with its benefits as well as limitations depending on a given situation. This piece of work gives a comprehensive discussion on the concept of community development with much emphasis being given to the Homeless Youths in Australia (the community chosen as the case study). The paper will discuss the problems faced by the youths in the country and how community development strategies could be used in eliminating this ordeal. Background information of the community (the youths) Youths are usually a very significant constituent of the overall population in any given nation. This is because they possess a lot of value and energy that could change most of the activities undertaken in a nation in the current period as well as in future. The youths are young people who have not yet attained adulthood age. This is a community that is very vuln erable to a lot of social as well as economic related problems as a result of their age and the fact that parents expect them to be a bit independent as opposed to when they were considered as children and hence totally dependent on help from parents and other people.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The situation is even worse in Australia since we have a very disturbing problem of the homeless youths. This group of youths is at a greater risk as compared to the ordinary youths who have no problem with housing or those who have comfortable homes. According to the Australian government national enquiry into homeless children and youths report of 1989, the homeless youth population in Australia was estimated to a range of 20,000 to 25,000 a figure that is way too high1. According to a study carried out by Johnson (2008), the condition of youth homelessness in Australia is worsenin g day by day. A national study of homelessness in Australia as per the year 2008 indicated that more that 100,000 individuals were homeless with the young people between the ages of 12 and 24 years old totaling to about 36,000. This is an alarming figure and calls for strategic plans and actions to alleviate these issues and make the lives of the youths comfortable and brighter. In Brisbane for example, which is a city with a population of approximately 1.2 million people, the number of the homeless youths is estimated to total to 3000002. The nature of the issues and aspirations of the youths To come up with a clear description of the nature of the issues and aspirations of the homeless youths in Australia, an appreciative inquiry process was used. Some written documentation was also useful in giving relevant information about the same. The homeless youths in Australia face a lot of problems. The issues include, lack of personal security and privacy, lack of basic commodities like food, bedding and clothing, hygiene and sanitation, reduced access to health care facilities, limited access to quality education, discrimination from the society which creates problems with normal relationships enjoyed by other ordinary people in the society, increased unemployment rates, limited access to essential services like banking and communication technology and violence and abuse among others. These problems put the homeless youths at a risk and they end up engaging in criminal activities as a way of hiding their disappointments in life. They could for example be involved in substance abuse, drug trafficking, gang operations among other criminal related activities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Community Development to the Homeless Youths in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This does not solve their problems but rather worsen their condition and hence some community developme nt strategies to solve this could be essential. Despite the problems they face, the youths aspire to be successful in future and would wish to acquire quality education which will enable them to be independent for example through securing good employment opportunities3. Development focus There are various types of development focuses that could be taken in different situations in regard to the needs and aspirations of a particular community or group of individuals in question. The focuses of community development include some form of economic development, political development, social development as well as foreign relations development. Economic development entails the improvement in the standard of living of the individuals in a given nation through enhancement of the economic status especially in terms of the income levels. Economic development is deemed to be connected to the overall development of the people and a nation at large as it leads to the general well being of those g overned by the economic development policies. Social development on the other hand is a process that is aimed at changing social- related structures and operations so as to enhance the capacity of the community enabling it to achieve its aspirations. Political development entails the enhancement of various aspects that form the political power system of a society for instance the attitudes, beliefs, values as well as the institutions. Political development is very essential as it promotes a nation’s capacity to not only mobilize but also allocate resources to various sectors of the economy. Development of foreign relations entails promoting good relations between a given nation and other nations in the world. This is very essential as it allows for effective collaboration of nations in various aspects. It is however possible only when a nation has achieved internal development. The issue of homeless youths in Australia could be solved through the application of all these deve lopments focuses since it touches on all of them especially the social, economic and political development. The problems faced by the youths are economical, political and social in nature and hence necessitates taking of various actions and establishment of various policies to reduce them or rather eliminate them.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Community development approaches to be applied From the above named development approaches, I consider economic, social and political development (in this order) to be very crucial when it comes to the issue of the homeless youths in Australia. Economic development would ensure that the living standards of the population including the youths are improved to a great extent through empowering them. The homeless youths could for instance get access to housing facilities hence reducing their problems. Social development on the other hand would ensure that people have got access to essential social facilities and that the relationship ties are well established avoiding aspects like discrimination and risks of violence. Political development will be helpful in ensuring that appropriate policies are put in place to ensure fair allocation of resources hence quality life of all individuals including the homeless youths. There are various strategies that could be utilized under these developm ent programs to ensure that the problems faced by the homeless youths in Australia are solved and that their aspirations are fulfilled in one way or the other. Some of the strategies are individual-based while others entail collaboration of various persons and responsible authorities for instance the government, youth foundations, non governmental institutions among others. Each strategy is suitable for utilization in particular situations and could be associated with some benefits and limitations in terms of the results achieved after they are used. Some of the strategies that would be utilized by the different authorities in an effort to curb the problem of homelessness among children and youths in Australia include; different campaign strategies aimed at educating all the responsible individuals and groups on the issues of youth homelessness and all the aspects that surround it so that appropriate actions could be taken. This is because some things usually happen as a result of i gnorance or lack of understanding of the seriousness of matters or else how they can be solved. Positive campaigning could involve the homeless youths where they could be educated on the various ways that in which their lives would be made better. This will help in removing them from their hopelessness and disappointment status giving them hope of a better life. The youths could then be involved in the search of different paths that could be followed in order to satisfy their needs or else solve their problems. Campaigning aims at bringing about some positive change especially through mobilizing the external factors. Direct action campaign for instance, is aimed at achieving specific goals and could be used to sensitize the responsible bodies to help solve the problems faced by the homeless youths in Australia. Another very significant strategy that could help in dealing with the issues faced by the homeless youths is community capacity building. This entails a process through which the homeless youth are empowered through various means for instance equipping them with relevant skills and knowledge. Through community building, I would advocate for establishment of an institution that will take care of the needs of the homeless youths and empower them fully. Community development principles and their importance There are various community development principles that could be used in the various strategies or approaches adopted in the development focuses. Some of the common community development principles include empowerment, participation, lobbying, social policy development and advocating for various elements like social justice among others. For the sake of this assignment I chose direct campaigning and community capacity building as the appropriate strategies to be used mainly due to the status of the community chosen for study, the homeless youths in Australia. The community development principles like participation and empowerment would ensure that the st rategies put in place are appropriately implemented and hence allow for achievement of the set goals and objectives in regard to solving the problem of homelessness among youths in Australia. Participation entails involvement of people in activities that are aimed at benefiting them. In regard to the problem at hand I would propose for strategies that actively involve the youths. This will ensure that the strategies are successful because they are as a result of the victims initiatives. The youths will for example be involved in the suggestion of the various skills and knowledge to be impacted in the established institution4. Empowerment is the other community development principle that could be very useful in solving the issues faced by the homeless youths in Australia. It entails increasing the strength of the youths where they see themselves to be capable of contributing positively to the society. In regard to this issue, the youths would be empowered (in the established institut ion) through provision of education services and other training aimed at making them independent. This will allow them to secure good job opportunities that will in turn allow them to sustain themselves and those around them hence eliminating the problem of homelessness and all the issues associate with it. Limitations/ barriers that could be faced in community development processes and practices and How to overcome the limitations The process of community development is not a smooth one but is faced with various challenges. In my process of engaging the homeless youths improve their status through participation and community building, I would be faced with some barriers. This would include resistance in taking part in some of the advocated activities for various reasons for example the fear that they may not be successful and hence they may end up wasting time and remain in the same situation.This could be solved through encouragement and educational campaigns aimed at putting sens e into them. Another barrier could be lack of resources for example finances to facilitate the activities such as establishment and maintenance of the institution to house the homeless youth and provide them with necessary facilities and services. This could be solved through asking for financial and other related support from various sources for instance the government and non governmental organizations. Conclusion Community development is a very significant aspect that should never be underemphasized under any circumstance. This is because the various strategies adopted for the purpose of community development have been very successful in solving community-based problems as well as helping individuals to attain their dreams or aspirations. The youths in Australia are faced with a variety of issues and utilization of the various community development approaches and strategies could help them come out of the situations and live a better life which would lead to their well being, in terms of empowerment and prosperity, as well as the well being of the entire society and the nation at large. The homeless youths in particular face a lot of psychological distress and could suffer from various psychiatric disorders if effective measures are not put in place. This could however be eliminated through community development. Bibliography Coyne, B. V. Homelessness: A bibliography. New York, Nova Publishers, 2007. Eade, D Oxfam UK Ireland. Capacity-Building: An Approach to People-Centered Development. UK, Oxfam, 1997. Johnson, C. â€Å"Worsening Youth Homelessness In Australia† 2008. Retrieved from, https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2008/08/home-a12.html Van der Ploeg, J.D, E. Scholte E.M. Scholte. Homeless Youth, London, SAGE, 1997. Footnotes 1. J.D Van der Ploeg, S. Evert S.M. Evert. Homeless youth, London, Sage, 1997. pp 20 2. C. Johnson. â€Å"Worsening youth homelessness in Australia† 2008. 3. B. V, Coyne, Homelessness: A bibliography. New York, Nova Publishers, 2007 pp 107 4. D, Eade Oxfam UK Ireland. Capacity-Building: An Approach to People-Centered Development. UK, Oxfam, 1997 UK pp 23 This essay on The Concept of Community Development to the Homeless Youths in Australia was written and submitted by user Crosby Snow to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Jupiter and its Moons essays

Jupiter and its Moons essays Jupiter, the largest of the Jovian planets, reigns supreme throughout the solar system. Named after the Roman god Jove, the ruler of Olympus; "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun and is also the largest planet in the Earth's solar system. It is 318 times moremassive than Earth and is two thirds of the planetary mass in the solar system. Jupiter's surface, unlike earth, is gaseous and not a solid. It is about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium with traces of methane, ammonia, water and rock. Jupiter's interior is very similar to the Sun's interior but with a far lower temperature."(Columbia) However, it is still unknown for certain, but Jupiter is believed to have a core of liquid metallic hydrogen. This exotic element can only be achieved at a pressure greater than 4 million bars. Jupiter radiates more energy in space than it receives from the sun. "Jupiter's orbit lies beyond the asteroid belt at a mean distance of c.483 million mi (773 million km) from the sun; its period of revolution is 11.86 years." (Seeds) In order from the sun it is the first of the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune), very large, massive planets of relatively low density, having rapid rotation and a thick, opaque atmosphere. "Jupiter has a diameter of 88,679 mi (142,800 km), more than 11 times that of the earth. Its mass is 318 times that of the earth and about 2 1/2 times the mass of allother planets combined." (Columbia) A measurement of the diameter of Jupiter determined the planet's polar flattening. The flattening of Jupiter was revealed by Pioneer to be slightly greater than that derived from the best Earth-based measurements. "The diameter of the planet was measured at a pressure of 800 mbar near the cloud tops (a bar is roughly equal to the pressure of 1 atm of Earth). Its polar diameter is 133,540 km (82,980 miles) and its equatorial diameter is142, 796 kilometers (88,73...

Reasons For Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reasons For Global Warming - Essay Example Moreover, this group of thinkers believes that the warming trend is not unusual and is a normal cycle of weather changes which occur naturally. Their claim about the Earth’s climate is clear. They believe that the Earth's climate is not affected by humans' actions, prevention and suspension of any act. It is free of our activities and temperature swings occur naturally. A study in this regard reveals that the Earth has a planetary ‘iris', which consists of tropical cloud cover. This cloud cover spreads out and contracts to control the quantity of heat exhibited from the surface of the Earth. On the contrary, however, it is said by the supporters of global warming that medieval warm period was not researched properly and the research contains flaws. They also argue that there is no validity of the claims that the recent extreme conditions, including heat waves, intense precipitation, massive forest fires and worldwide coral bleaching, in the Earth's environment are the re sult of changing the climate. These are invalid, unrealistic and self-created myths which are not validly proven so far. In addition, they argue that the CO2 emitted by the activities of humans is not comparable to the natural resources that are available to eliminate the threat of the 'non-existing' global warming. The natural resources that the Earth acquires are greater than the Carbon Dioxide emitted hence, none of the human activities can be held liable for the massive increase in CO2 over the course of last few centuries. The cause of the warming temperature has been disclosed by this group as a natural phenomenon. The debate over the solar variability, cosmic rays, recovery from the ice age and so on (Leroux 2006). This group also denies the claim that the warming is caused by greenhouse gases. The fact that they present in this regard is that warming does not follow the trend of greenhouse gases concentration. This group also asserts that the increased warming detected aroun d the world for the past century is the effect of increased urbanization. This

Performance Appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Performance Appraisal - Essay Example The performance appraisals are used to give feedback to the employee on the performance rating and the need for improvements. This also expresses the need for trainings, promotion, demotion, retention or firing. The performance appraisal is among the critical factors of a manger or a leader to provide employee with the feedback and clarify the job expectations. An effective performance appraisal enables employees to know about themselves and understand the management values. The performance appraisals make use of evaluations as feedback in order to improve the performance of employee and reduce the turnover. It increases motivation and instills a feeling of equity among the employees. The appraisals act as a linkage between the rewards and performance. This enhances performance as employees are told about their performance and related strengths and weaknesses. This makes the employees become proud of whatever they are doing well and enables them focus their efforts on areas that require improvement. In overall, organization will benefit when the performance of the employees improves. Every organization is interested in witnessing their employees advance in the company and get other better and well paying positions. This is normally brought about by performance appraisal. For instance, when an employee is told to improve personal skills to be eligible for the following promotion may act as a driving force to that employee to enable them improve their per formance (Goswami, 2013). The performance appraisals are used by the management in making important decisions by the management. These decisions include promotions, demotions, firing and remunerations among many others. Efficient organizations must have established means through which they can make their decisions. The decisions depend on appraisal data. The appraisals can be considered as efficient tools in documenting the organizational decisions. This